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May 27, 2005

The Promise of Girls' Education

It is a special week for our family, as my eldest daughter graduates from high school. She has amazing determination, innate good sense and wonderful curiosity. She will make her mark on the world.

This leads me to write about a seminar I attended yesterday at the Council on Foreign Relations in NY City on the Power and Promise of Girls' Education, with particular focus on the developing world's rural population. Here are the positive outcomes that result from girls' enrollment in primary schools: lower incidence of HIV AIDS; later first birth of children, smaller family size and better spacing of multiple children; lower rate of infant mortality; better participation in civic affairs; better education for next generation.

There are some surprising findings from the study, the Girls' Education Progress Report, issued by the NGO Save the Children. The next green revolution is being spurred by these better educated women, whose husbands are now off to the factories. These more literate women are getting better yields with less environmental side effects. Rural families are more inclined to let daughters attend primary school IF they receive something in return, such as a bushel of wheat or a school lunch for the child, a short term payback from investment in education. Schools must also satisfy certain community concerns such as safety (place school close to the village to minimize risk of abduction or harm), separate latrine facilities for girls and boys and female teachers in schools for girls.

There are certain larger lessons that can be important for the PR community:

1) Do not fall for myths--there are several Islamic countries like Egypt and Bangladesh where female enrollment in primary schools is high or increasing substantially. Afghan mullahs are preaching that girls should be enrolled in school.

2) Work with NGOs--The positive role of NGOs such as Future Generations in Afghanistan cannot be underestimated. It came up with the idea of giving the girl something tangible to bring home, such as the bushel of wheat.

3) Political Will Tied to Political Benefit--Bolivia's percentage of girls enrolled in primary school has jumped in the past decade from 65% to 90%. A generation ago, 70% of girls did not complete primary school. The positive PR is pushing politicians to fund education. Individual stories are are a key part, such as 10 year old Daniela, who lives in the rural town of Oruro. She said to her teacher,"When I grow up I want to be a lawyer or an engineer. If I don't study I will have to work as a household servant in other people's homes. I want my life to be different than my mother's. It is important that girls and boys receive the same education because it helps us to work together."

4) Opportunity for Business--There are still 58 million girls in the developing world who are not in primary school. We can create programs that enable our clients to make a difference. When a multinational establishes a manufacturing facility in the developing world, why not advocate for a grant for local primary education, tied to a commitment by the national government to match the funding.

I look forward to your comments as always.

Richard

Posted by Edelman at May 27, 2005 10:37 AM

Comments

Richard,

Yout should take a look at Prof. Jeffery Sachs' recent book "The End of Poverty" and the work of the Earth Institute he heads up at Columbia (http://www.earth.columbia.edu). He specifically talks about the importance of female eduction in the developing world and adds to your list of reasons that educating woman (and more generally helping children survive childhood) leads to lower fertility rates and reduction of population growth from rates that are currently doubling populations in very short periods to more sustainable levels.

He also adds to the importance of School Lunches by way of a story he tells of one school, I think in Kenya, where prior to instituting school lunches they were ranked ~110th out of 200 schools in the region. After just adding school lunches for the 8th grade they raised their school ranking (on the basis of national tests) to 2nd in the region. Prof. Sachs is working with NGO's to extend the school lunch program there to all grades.

Thomas P. M. Barnett in his books and writings also emphasizes the critical importance of woman's education on closing the gap between countries. Countries where girls get an education and woman have rights and opportunities tend to move forward in many other areas (environment, development, stability).

Shannon

Posted by: Shannon Clark at May 27, 2005 2:17 PM


Shannon,

I really want our corporate clients opening factories in these developing nations to get involved and to put money into girls education. Seems to create a virtuous circle. Thanks for writing

Posted by: Richard Edelman at May 27, 2005 2:24 PM


It's ironic that the focus still remains so largely on issues overseas when it's important to note that women and girls are also lacking opportunities for education right here in North America. While we speak highly of the freedom and opportunity available to us (women) on these 'gold paved' streets we tend to lack focus on the quality of education provided to those girls of lesser means and the opportunities avalailable to those same women to pursue higher education over their brothers, cousins and male peers.

Posted by: Cara at May 28, 2005 4:04 PM


In Rio de Janeiro, where I.m now a Councilwoman for the City, adolescents in favelas have seven children for each two born in formal areas of the city.
This means dropout of schools, having a second and third children following the first, each one from a different father, no job at all nor nursery center. Usually these fathers are dead , in prison, or in drug traffic.
Giving these girls a perspective of future, a different role ,other than being a mother, is the only way to prevent the continuation of this tragedy that means more violence, less education and a lack of public funds to overcome the situation.
If anybody knows of a company that is willing to do something close to what Richard proposed, I will, as a legislative taking care of this issue, be a partner.

andrea vieira

Posted by: andrea vieira at May 29, 2005 8:19 PM


Richard,

Hello,

Regarding No. 4, If we take under consideration the ideal situation where the economic leadership especially in the big corporations, should be involve in the society and lead with the local government, I would suggest that basically we can offer clients a full program who will include: mentoring, private classes, tutoring and more in this area.

Joshua Goldring
GPS

Posted by: Joshua Goldring at May 30, 2005 1:22 AM


Dear Richard,
Why not connect with UNESCO, The World Bank, Save the Children, and a multitude of other International agencies and encouage public/private partnerships in this effort? The combined efforts and effects of public and private investment are synergystic. Thank you so much for your lofy visions for and commitment to our world.
Kind regards,
Nancy Randall

Posted by: Nancy Randall at June 3, 2005 12:48 PM


Nancy,
Good idea on tie ups with other NGOs. In fact this gives corporate sector additional credibility in local markets. As NGOs are in fact the most trusted sector ahead of government business and media

Richard

Posted by: Richard Edelman at June 6, 2005 2:11 PM


Cara,

I think you are right to say that we need serious focus on education in N America, especially for younger women. There are interesting efforts to tie private sector into education--as an example, Teach for America, which offers one or two year scholarships for outstanding college graduates who teach in inner city schools. Another is PENCIL, which allows a top executive to be principal for a day in return for continued relationship with a NYC school.

Richard

Posted by: Richard Edelman at June 6, 2005 2:17 PM


Andrea,
I think you should come forward with a couple of specific opportunities that can be offered to companies. For instance, is there an NGO in Brazil that offers girls a chance at primary education? How much is minimum scholarship per student or per class?

Richard

Posted by: Richard Edelman at June 6, 2005 2:22 PM


Joshua,

We do need serious commitment by private sector to this concept of involvement in society. I have seen a few companies do it well. Example would be HSBC where chairman John Bond has insisted that his people give back--and the company makes it easy to do it. Arranges links to civil society, trips to 3rd world for employees, money for local charities tied to employees'participation levels.

Richard

Posted by: Richard Edelman at June 6, 2005 2:23 PM


Richard,
Girls education is very powerful. I work for a small NGO with a small for impoverished girls in Salvador, Brazil. Bahia Street was created by local citizens to break cycles of poverty for impoverished girls and young woman, and 11 years into it, we now have 3 girls in university. Contrary to Jeffrey Sachs' model, we believe in William Easterly's notion that small local organizations are the most nimble and able to respond to local conditions. I invite anyone interested in read my colleague's book about living in Salvador's shantytowns and creating Bahia Street: Dance Lest We All Fall Down by Margaret Willson.

Posted by: Nancy Bacon at February 26, 2008 5:56 PM


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